Mortality

Compared to other infectious diseases, encephalitis has a high mortality rate. Overall, approximately 10% of those with encephalitis die from the brain inflammation or complications such as secondary infection. Some forms of encephalitis have more severe courses, including herpes simplex virus encephalitis, in which mortality is up to 30% with treatment, and 70-80% without.

It is hard to comprehend in this era of modern medicine that an infection can result in death. When death occurs it is usually a result of the brain swelling because of the inflammation. The brain is encased in a hard shell (the skull) and when it swells it pushes downwards onto the brain-stem. This part of the brain controls the vital functions of breathing and control of the heart. When it is subjected to severe pressure it can cease to function.

The suddenness with which encephalitis can develop can be traumatic and overwhelming. The inability of 21st Century drugs and medical procedures to successfully treat the disease can be frightening. Families are often left feeling stunned and traumatised.

Death is always difficult for those who are left behind, but never more so than when it is totally unexpected. There are a number of sources of help for families in grief; some of these are listed in the Resource section of this book.

We have specific staff at the Encephalitis Society who can talk through any issues the family and friends may have, and, if appropriate put bereaved families in touch with each other.

Last modified: 18 March 2008